I read with interest James Lasher’s excellent review
of the Cessationist movie. I also noted that earlier this month, Pastor John
MacArthur hosted a Cessationist Conference at his Grace Community Church in Sun
Valley, CA. I was reminded of an interesting encounter I had years ago that
highlighted how flimsy is their argument for the cessation of the miraculous
gifts of the Holy Spirit.
I Challenge A Seminary Professor with Historical Facts
I
had just published the first edition of my book 2000 Years of Charismatic Christianity (now published by Charisma House) and was attending the annual
meeting of the Evangelical Theological Society. ETS is an academic society whose
members are, for the most part, cessationists.
I
attended a workshop attended by about 200 pastors and college professors in which
a white-haired seminary professor presented an argument for the cessation of
the miraculous gifts of the Spirit. His argument centered around I Corinthians
13:9-10 where Paul said, For we know in part and we prophesy in part. But
when that which is perfect has come, then that which is in part will be done
away.
He argued
that the “perfect” to which Paul refers is the New Testament canon. Therefore,
when the New Testament canon was completed in the final decade of the first
century, the miraculous Spiritual gifts were no longer necessary and were
withdrawn from the Church.
When it came time for questions, I raised my
hand. Based on the documented evidence in my book, I asked, "How does your
cessation theory deal with the fact that church fathers, including Justin
Martyr, Irenaeus, Tertullian, and Augustine, all speak of miraculous gifts in
their midst, including speaking in tongues?"
Being a well-known theologian, I expected him
to have some sort of answer. I was, therefore, surprised when he said, "I
can't answer that," and quickly moved on to the next question.
No Historical Evidence for the Cessation of Miracles
Indeed,
the cessation argument from the Bible is very flimsy. That which is “perfect,” on
which the professor based his argument, is not referring to the New Testament canon,
but to the Lord Jesus Himself when He comes the second time in power and glory.
In
addition, there is absolutely no historical evidence for a cessation of the
miraculous gifts of the Holy Spirit. Those who succeeded the Twelve Apostles as
leaders in the Church express no knowledge of a cessation theory and they report healings and miracles of which they are personally aware.
For
example, Augustine (354-430), considered one of the greatest of church fathers
by both Catholics and Protestants, describes various miracles of which he is
aware. These include healings of blindness, gout, hemorrhoids, and even one
person raised from the dead. He then says, “I am so pressed by the promise of
finishing this work that I cannot record all the miracles I know” (Hyatt, 2000 Years of Charismatic Christianity, 44-45).
The Contextual Reason for a Cessation Theory
A
Cessation theory did eventually emerge in the Church after the time of Constantine to explain
the absence of miracles in most of the Church. With Constantine’s conversion
and the church becoming the “official” religion of the empire, she became
obsessed with her newly found wealth and political power. This, in turn, had a devastating
effect on her spiritual condition.
For
example, John Chrysostom (347–407), patriarch of Constantinople, complained
that the character of the church of his day was no different from that of the
marketplace or theater. He wrote,
If anyone is trying or intending to corrupt a woman, there is no place, I
suppose, that seems to him more suitable than the Church. And if anything is to
be sold or bought, the Church appears more convenient than the market. Or if
any wish to say or to hear any scandal, you will find that this to be had here
more than the forum without (Hyatt, 2000 Years of Charismatic Christianity,
34-35).
It
is, therefore, not surprising that when he came to I Corinthians 12 in his commentary, Chrysostom
admitted to having no knowledge of these miraculous gifts. He says, “The
obscurity is produced by our ignorance of the facts referred to and their
cessation.”
This
correlation between the moral corruption of the Church and the absence of
miracles was pointed out in a humorous manner by the famous theologian, Thomas
Aquinas (1225-74), when visiting Rome and being shown the church’s wealth by
Pope Innocent IV. Innocent said to Aquinas, “You see that the Church is no
longer in an age in which she can say, ‘Silver and gold have I none.’” Aquinas
replied, “It is true, nor can she say to the lame man, ‘Rise up and walk.'"
John Wesley made this same point after reading a book published in 1713
by John Lacy who presented a powerful Biblical and historical argument for the
continuation of the miraculous gifts in Church. Lacy also
defended the Montanists, a 2nd century prophetic movement, that was
declared heretical by the Council of Constantinople. After reading the book, Wesley
wrote,
I was fully convinced of what I had once suspected:
(1) That the Montanists, in the second and third centuries, were real
Scriptural Christians; and (2) That the grand reason why the miraculous gifts
were so soon withdrawn, was not only that faith and holiness were well nigh
lost, but that dry, formal, orthodox men began even then to ridicule whatever
gifts they had not themselves, and to decry them all as either madness or
imposture (Hyatt, 2000 Years of Charismatic Christianity, 29).
This was the also the of argument of the noted Baptist
pastor, A.J. Gordon (1836-95), founder of Gordon College in Wenham, MA. In his
book, The Ministry of Healing, he wrote,
It is not altogether strange that when the Church
forgot her citizenship in heaven and began to establish herself in luxury and
splendor on earth, she should cease to exhibit the supernatural gifts of heaven
(Hyatt, 2000 Years of Charismatic Christianity, 36).
The Conclusion of
the Matter
The modern cessationists are wrong, without a leg to
stand on, either Biblically or historically. They seem to try and make their case
by cherry picking the most bizarre examples they can find of charismatics supposedly
expressing gifts of the Holy Spirit. Sadly, they have a lot to choose from.
However, examples of charismatics acting in a fleshly and eccentric manner does not invalidate the real gifts of the Holy Spirit. The presence of the false does not call for a rejection of
all Spiritual gifts, but a call to be more diligent in testing the spirits as we
are admonished throughout Scripture, including I John 4:1.
Indeed, miracles have been a part of the life of the
Church throughout history. Their presence has waned at times in history, not because
of some fiat from God, but because of the backslidden condition of the Church.
When times of revival have been fanned into flame, and the lost passion for the
Lord renewed, miracles and answers to prayer once again have become a part of
the life of the Church.
Dr. Eddie Hyatt has created a course on the continuance of Spiritual gifts throughout Church history. It consists of the textbook, 2000 Years of Charismatic Christianity, and the 20-Lesson Study Guide entitled Revival History. Both are available from Amazon and his website at www.eddiehyatt.com. To access a video discussion of this issue, click this link. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ChHxRXr3vaE